From 2f13baa843bd1fb5db6630a2823681ffaff9fb11 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Joel Klinghed <the_jk@spawned.biz>
Date: Sat, 27 Sep 2025 18:25:10 +0200
Subject: Add simple prefix_tree

Will be used by tokenizer for short lists of strings
---
 src/prefix_tree.cc | 173 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 173 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/prefix_tree.cc

(limited to 'src/prefix_tree.cc')

diff --git a/src/prefix_tree.cc b/src/prefix_tree.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f16df22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/prefix_tree.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#include "prefix_tree.hh"
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <optional>
+#include <set>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+
+namespace prefix_tree {
+
+namespace {
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+inline uint8_t get_u8(std::string_view str, size_t index) {
+  return static_cast<uint8_t>(str[index] & 0xff);
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+inline uint16_t get_u16(std::string_view str, size_t index) {
+  return (static_cast<uint16_t>(get_u8(str, index)) << 8) |
+         get_u8(str, index + 1);
+}
+
+inline void write_u8(std::string& str, uint8_t value) {
+  str.push_back(static_cast<char>(value));
+}
+
+inline void write_u16(std::string& str, uint16_t value) {
+  write_u8(str, value >> 8);
+  write_u8(str, value & 0xff);
+}
+
+class BuilderImpl : public Builder {
+ public:
+  BuilderImpl() = default;
+
+  void add(std::string_view str) override { strings_.emplace(str); }
+
+  [[nodiscard]]
+  std::optional<std::string> build() const override {
+    std::string tree;
+    std::string strings;
+
+    std::set<std::string_view> tmp;
+    for (auto const& str : strings_)
+      tmp.emplace(str);
+
+    if (!write_tree(tmp, tree, strings))
+      return std::nullopt;
+
+    std::string header;
+    if (tree.size() > 0xffff)
+      return std::nullopt;
+    write_u16(header, tree.size());
+
+    return header + tree + strings;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  bool write_tree(std::set<std::string_view> const& input, std::string& tree,
+                  std::string& strings) const {
+    std::map<char, std::set<std::string_view>> buckets;
+    bool match = false;
+    for (auto& str : input) {
+      if (str.empty()) {
+        match = true;
+        continue;
+      }
+      buckets[str.front()].emplace(str.substr(1));
+    }
+
+    write_u8(tree, buckets.size() + (match ? 1 : 0));
+    if (match) {
+      write_u8(tree, 0);
+      write_u16(tree, 0);
+      write_u16(tree, 0);
+    }
+    std::string extra;
+    for (auto& pair : buckets) {
+      auto it = pair.second.begin();
+      auto str = *it;
+      for (++it; it != pair.second.end(); ++it) {
+        size_t i = 0;
+        while (i < str.size() && i < it->size() && str[i] == it->at(i))
+          ++i;
+        if (i == 0) {
+          str = "";
+          break;
+        }
+        str = str.substr(0, i);
+      }
+
+      write_u8(tree, 1 + str.size());
+      if (strings.size() > 0xffff)
+        return false;
+      write_u16(tree, strings.size());
+      strings.push_back(pair.first);
+      strings.append(str);
+      if (extra.size() > 0xffff)
+        return false;
+      write_u16(tree, extra.size());
+      if (str.empty()) {
+        if (!write_tree(pair.second, extra, strings))
+          return false;
+      } else {
+        std::set<std::string_view> tmp;
+        for (auto& str2 : pair.second) {
+          tmp.emplace(str2.substr(str.size()));
+        }
+        if (!write_tree(tmp, extra, strings))
+          return false;
+      }
+    }
+
+    tree.append(extra);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  std::set<std::string> strings_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+std::optional<size_t> lookup(std::string_view tree, std::string_view str) {
+  size_t base_str = 2 + get_u16(tree, 0);
+  size_t node = 2;
+  std::optional<size_t> match;
+  std::optional<size_t> earlier_match;
+
+  while (node < base_str && !str.empty()) {
+    auto children = get_u8(tree, node);
+
+    if (children == 0) {
+      // Leaf
+      return match;
+    }
+
+    size_t child_node = node + 1;
+    size_t child_end = child_node + (static_cast<size_t>(children) * 5);
+    for (; child_node < child_end; child_node += 5) {
+      uint8_t len = get_u8(tree, child_node);
+      uint16_t offset = get_u16(tree, child_node + 1);
+
+      if (str.starts_with(tree.substr(base_str + offset, len))) {
+        // Match but not a leaf, always first in the list of children
+        if (len == 0) {
+          earlier_match = match;
+          continue;
+        }
+        match = match.value_or(0) + len;
+        str = str.substr(len);
+        auto jump = get_u16(tree, child_node + 3);
+        node = child_end + jump;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (child_node == child_end)
+      return earlier_match;
+  }
+
+  if (node == base_str)
+    return earlier_match;
+  return match;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<Builder> builder() { return std::make_unique<BuilderImpl>(); }
+
+}  // namespace prefix_tree
-- 
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